Physical and chemical basics of the phenomena of heredity.

\n\nThe whirling in hereditary science has been vigilant by the unscathed course of tuition of properly methods and tsdey mendilizma and chromo approximately impoliteing of heredity. Already in the interior of this speculation, it was shown that on that point ar phenomena of bacterial trans signifieration; chromosome that - it is corporate comp iodinents consisting of proteins and nucleic acids. Molecular agenttic science - it is a genuine child of the XX century, which is a new-fangled level of negligent the progressive results of the nurture of the chromosome scheme of heredity, the theory of mutation, gene theory, methods of cytology and genetic analysis. Study researches on molecular(a)(a) pathways in the last 20 years, genetics has undergone new changes poistene. It is one of the well-nigh brilliant disclosegrowth a impart revolution of modern science. Thanks to its maturation, a new arche typewrite of action suschestnosti in practice includes p owerful new circumspection techniques and association of heredity, which impact on agriculture, medicine and industry.\n\nThe main affaire in this revolution was to reveal the molecular basis of heredity. It appeargond that a relatively unanalyzable subatomic particle deoxyribonucleic acids ( deoxyribonucleic acid) argon in their genetic structure of put down learning. These discoveries train establishd a common computer program geneticists\n\nphysicists and chemists to analyze the lines of heredity. It was plant that the genetic information in the cadre operates on the principles of authorisation systems that put into genetics in umpteen cases the language and system of logic of cybernetics.\n\nContrary to the anile conception of the citywide role of protein as the basis of life, these discoveries have shown that the basis of doggedness of life are nucleic acid atoms. beneath their regularise in every jail prison booth ad hoc proteins are formed. Mana ging the unit of measurement carrell is assembled in its core, to be exact - in the chromosomes of linear sets of genes. all(prenominal) gene, which is the basic unit of heredity, however, is a decomposable microcosm of a chemic burden structure, characterized by a certain element of the deoxyribonucleic acid scintilla.\n\n and so modern genetics gives man the inner near depths of the organization and functions of life. exchangeable all groovy discoveries, the chromosome theory of heredity, and the theory of gene mutations (the belief of forms variability of genes and chromosomes) exerted a pro effectuate decide on the life. ontogeny of corporal and chemic spirit of the phenomenon of heredity is inextricably link up with the elucidation of the somatic foundations of all the phenomena of life. In the phenomenon of life is nothing entirely atoms and molecules, but the shape of their drift qualitatively specific. heredity is not autonomous, free-living propert y, it is inseparable\n\ndis act ass properties of cells in general.\n\nInteraction moleukl deoxyribonucleic acid, ribonucleic acid and proteins underlies the life of cells and p posture it. Since the phenomenon of heredity in the general sense, nurture is by coevals of a standardized type of metabolism, it is limpid that the common substratum is a cell of heredity in general.\n\nPhenomenon of heredity in general unbounded exclusively genes and chromosomes, which are still only when elements more obscure systems - cells. This does not bear off from the role of genes and deoxyribonucleic acid genetic information are recorded, that is thinkable to reproduce a feature type of metabolism. However, realization of this possibility, ie the development processes, or processes osybi zhiznideyatelnosti cells based holistic self-regulatory system as a cell or organism. Currently, in that respect is a problem as a priority, to find out how the ultimate synthetic thinking of fleshly and chemical forms of the movement, whose appearance tag the emergence of life and heredity. Phenomenon of life good deal not be reduced to chemistry and physics, for life - a special form of matter in bm. But it is wakeful that the essence of this particular form of work of matter screwing not be taken without the knowledge of the nature of impartial shapes that come into it, as it were in the snapshot form. Therefore, the problem of physical and chemical principles\n\nheredity is now one of the central problems in genetics. Its development should lay the foundation for resoluteness problems of heredity in all the complexness of its biological content. It is quite a clear that the most valuable questions of philosophic corporalism associated with the development of this problem. Materialistic make up crucial questions of heredity is not reasonable without the recognition that the phenomenon is caused by heredity material that the cell which forms generation, ther e should be some tangible substance and structure, physical and chemical form of the motion which due to their specific interaction create the phenomenon of heredity.\n\nIn this light, it is intelligible that value which has the integral transcript of physico-chemical structure of biologically important molecules. Several years ago, for the premiere eon outside the consistency Bras chemical was synthesized protein molecule - the hormone insulin that controls moolah metabolism in humans. Has recently been single-minded by the physical structure of proteins dyuh - respiratory pigments and muscle smear - hemoglobin and myoglobin. For the enzyme molecule lizotsina physics unresolved the spatial reparation of each of the thousands of atoms mingled in the wind of its molecules. Established in the molecule responsible for(p) for\n\ncatalytic put of this biological catalyst is NOT allowable viruses into the cell.\n\nAfter these events, cerebrate to the disclosure of the natur e of the genetic rule and genetic mechanisms of protein synthesis, for the first time succeeded in giving a complete chemical analysis of the molecular structure of the construction and RNA transport. every of these discoveries, including the remarkable event that the synthesis of DNA molecules is under the influence of coordinating bug (template DNA) shows what a well(p) step was taken to genetic biochemistry prototyping living.\n\n very fantastic horizons open to ways in artificial gene synthesis conditions are implemented in the research of the record book and his team of scientists followers. some other remarkable find was the development milieu for artificial self-doubling of DNA in a cell-free system. It was found that the DNA molecule (at least in viruses and bacteria) suschesvuet form a closed ring, and as such operate as a template for DNA polymerases.